2024 annual results
Excellent operational performance
in a context of lower market prices
Flamanville 3 connected to the French national grid for the first time
Net financial debt stabilised
Rollout of the “Ambitions 2035” strategy
Successful commercial offerings
2024 performane boosted by the substantial rise in nuclear and hydro output Electricity output: 520TWh (+41.3 for nuclear in France and +12.7TWh for hydropower) Sales: €118.7 bn EBITDA: €36.5 bn EBIT: €18.3 bn Net income - Group share: €11.4 bn Net Financial Debt: €54.3 bn - NFD / EBITDA: 1.49x Adjusted Economic Debt: €87.6 bn - AED / adjusted EBITDA: 2.73x
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Net income excluding non-recurring items is €15.2 bn. The €3.2 bn decrease from 2023 mainly reflects the lower EBITDA and a higher income tax expense, limited by the improved financial result.
The Group’s share of net income is €11.4 bn, up by €1.4 bn. This increase despite the lower net income excluding non-recurring items is mainly explained by the following items after tax:
Cash flow for 2024 amounted to €3.9 bn, versus €9.6 bn in 2023. It is explained by cash EBITDA of €35.0 bn, resulting from a good operating performance despite lower market prices than in 2023.
Working capital increased by €1.5 bn, comprising:
The net investments amount €22.4 bn, up by €3.3 bn from 2023, notably concerning the Hinkley Point C project and the EPR2 programme, along with network development and reinforcement. The acquisition of GE Steam Power’s nuclear activities (Arabelle Solutions) and Assystem ’s 5% stake in Framatome also had a €0.9 bn effect on the rise in investments.
Net financial debt for 2024 was €54.3 bn, stable compared to 2023. The favourable impact of the positive cash flow was counterbalanced by hybrid note issues and redemptions, and the announcement that EDF was to redeem the €1.25 bn hybrid note issue of January 2013 and replace its equity content with the capital increase resulting from conversion of the Oceane bonds in 2023(2).
Bond issues, totalling around €6.7 bn, the reduction in short-term debt, and early repayments of bank loans have extended the maturity of financial debt to 13 years at end-2024 (vs 11 years at end-2023) and controlled the cost of financing in a high interest rate environment.
At its meeting of 20 February 2025 chaired by Luc Rémont, EDF ’s Board of Directors approved the consolidated financial statements at 31 December 2024. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of EDF Luc Rémont said: “ EDF ’s excellent operational and commercial performance in 2024 brought the Group sound financial results, reflecting the hard work done by all EDF ’s teams to return to high levels of generation and offer customised contracts and innovative solutions, while meeting the needs of the electricity system and supporting customers as they switch to electricity for their uses. Through its “Ambitions 2035” corporate plan, EDF has also embarked on an in-depth transformation this year complete with enhancement of its operational efficiency, ready to achieve the performance and investments that are needed for the electric revolution. We are certain that the impact of all these actions will make themselves felt in the next few years, and that 2025 will be a key year for accelerating the energy transition, with practical measures that will give our customers a helping hand as the pace of change in the sector increases. The rise of low-carbon electricity generation must go hand in hand with incentives to transfer our practices to run on electricity.”
Outlook for 2025
EBITDA is expected to retreat against a backdrop of falling market prices.
Nuclear output in France including Flamanville 3 is estimated at 350-370TWh in 2025, 2026 and 2027.
2027 targets (3)
Net financial debt / EBITDA: ≤ 2.5x
Adjusted economic debt / adjusted EBITDA (4): ≤ 4x
Operational performance and highlights of 2024, the year Flamanville 3 EPR came online
EDF has adopted its “Ambitions 2035” strategy and is rolling it out with a focus on 4 pillars:
Supporting customers in reducing their carbon footprint
Producing more low-carbon electricity:
Developing networks to meet the challenges of the energy transition:
Developing flexibility solutions to meet the needs of the power system:
EDF presents its new CSR architecture and raises its targets
EDF issued €5 bn of green bonds to fund development of its business activities in 2024 (nuclear, renewables and network activities) and £500 M of bonds dedicated to the Hinkley Point C project.
On 20 February 2025, EDF ’s Board of Directors authorised the signature of contractual documentation to start the experimental phase of the irradiation service agreed between the French State, the CEA and EDF (10). This phase will last as long as necessary for EDF to study the feasibility of the service, which will have no impact on the operation or purpose of the power plant concerned; it will remain governed by the regime for civil nuclear installations. This irradiation service could potentially also be used in medicine or the aerospace industry.
Financial results by segment:
Segment sales are presented before elimination of inter-segment operations.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
France - Generation and supply | 24,677 | 20,950 | -15.1% |
France - Regulated activities | 3,707 | 5,576 | 50.4% |
EDF Renewables | 932 | 1,387 | 48.9% |
Dalkia | 407 | 425 | 4.7% |
Industry and services (11) | 255 | 118 | -1.6% |
United Kingdom | 3,967 | 3,485 | -15.0% |
Italy | 1,855 | 1,762 | -4.1% |
Other international | 872 | 835 | -3.1% |
Other activities | 3,255 | 1,985 | -39.0% |
Group total | 39,927 | 36,523 | -8.4% |
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organicchange |
Sales | 64,244 | 50,966 | -20.7% |
EBITDA | 24,677 | 20,950 | -15.1% |
EBITDA was down, despite the substantially higher nuclear and hydropower output with a favourable effect estimated at €3.1 bn and €0.9 bn respectively.
The downturn in sales prices had an estimated impact of -€18.5 bn. For the regulated sales tariffs, apart from the ARENH price of €42/MWh, this is explained by a 2-year average forward market price of €178/MWh in 2024 vs €218/MWh in 2023, and the ARENH cropping price of €102/MWh in 2024 vs €410/MWh in 2023.
The decrease in market prices on net realised purchases, and the lower volumes purchased due to higher nuclear generation, had a positive effect estimated at €11.0 bn.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 19,413 | 20,071 | 3.4% |
EBITDA | 3,707 | 5,576 | 50.4% |
Including Enedis | 2,699 | 4,519 | 67.4% |
The increase in EBITDA is principally explained by a positive price effect estimated at close to €2 bn resulting from the lower price of energy purchases to cover network losses in 2024 compared to 2023 (€1.4 bn), and changes in the TURPE network access tariff (13) (€0.7 bn).
Group Renewables excluding hydropower in France
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 3,636 | 4,308 | 17.8% |
EBITDA | 1,712 | 2,341 | 36.7% |
Contribution by EDF Renewables
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 2,031 | 2,154 | 6.3% |
EBITDA | 932 | 1,387 | 48.9% |
Including EBITDA for generation | 1,234 | 1,287 | +4.5% |
The increase in EBITDA for Group Renewables is attributable to a 6.7% rise in wind and solar power output thanks to new capacities installed. 3.2GW gross were commissioned in 2024. In Italy and Belgium, there was also a substantial rise in hydropower output thanks to exceptionally good hydraulicity conditions. On Reunion Island, the start of operation by the Port-Est power plant after its conversion to liquid biomass had a positive effect in EBITDA.
At EDF Renewables, EBITDA for generation increased due to higher volume output (+9.8%) thanks to new plants commissioned, despite less favourable wind and sunshine conditions in France and a downturn in market prices. The rise in overall EBITDA is essentially explained by portfolio rotation, with significant operations on wind and solar farms in the United States and Brazil.
Group Energy services (14)
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 8,618 | 8,158 | -4.5% |
EBITDA | 535 | 622 | 15.7% |
Contribution by Dalkia
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 6,395 | 6,018 | -5.4% |
EBITDA | 407 | 425 | 4.7% |
The service activities of Dalkia, and IZI in France contributed to the increase in EBITDA for Group Energy services.
At Dalkia, the rise in EBITDA is attributable to the sales teams’ performance in energy efficiency services and decarbonisation in France. However, sales of electricity produced by co-generation plants were lower than in 2023, as expected.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 4,066 | 5,173 | 18.0% |
EBITDA | 255 | 118 | -1.6% |
EBITDA for Framatome | 597 | 629 | 5.9% |
Framatome’s contribution to EDF EBITDA | 255 | 242 | -3.8% |
New nuclear projects in France and the United Kingdom explain the increase in EBITDA for Framatome. Order intake amounts to approximately €21.2 bn at end-2024, well above end-2023, largely due to the new nuclear build projects in France and the United Kingdom, particularly Sizewell C.
Framatome was selected by Bruce Power in Canada to support its plan to extend its fleet’s operating lifetime.
EBITDA for Arabelle Solutions (-€120 million) corresponds to the 7 months of activity since the subsidiary joined the Group.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 21,132 | 17,498 | -19.8% |
EBITDA | 3,967 | 3,485 | -15.0% |
The decline in EBITDA is particularly explained by lower margins on sales across all customer segments, in a context of tougher competition and falling market prices. The operational performance was strong, and nuclear power output was stable at 37.3TWh. The impact of unplanned outages at Heysham 1 and Hartlepool early in the year was counterbalanced by the smaller number of scheduled outages and higher realised nuclear prices.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 17,787 | 15,223 | -14.4% |
EBITDA | 1,855 | 1,762 | -4.1% |
The decrease in EBITDA is notably due to lower profitability in the gas businesses, as volatility and prices fell.
In the electricity generation business, higher renewable output thanks to exceptionally good hydraulicity conditions offset the lower profitability of thermal energy in EBITDA, in a decreasing price environment.
In the sales businesses, margins improved and there was growth in the customer portfolio.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 5,583 | 4,596 | -17.2% |
EBITDA | 872 | 835 | -3.1% |
Including: - Belgium | 673 | 652 | -3.9% |
- Brazil | 210 | 191 | -1.9% |
The lower EBITDA in Belgium(15) is essentially explained by lower market prices, and a decrease in generation levels despite better hydropower output (+36%).
In Brazil, EBITDA was down due to the -4% indexed adjustment in November 2023 to the Power Purchase Agreement attached to EDF Norte Fluminense’s plant and an unfavourable foreign exchange effect, despite an increase in revenues from system services due to low water resource availability in the country.
(in millions of euros) | 2023 | 2024 | Organic change |
Sales | 7,677 | 4,848 | -36.8% |
EBITDA | 3,255 | 1,985 | -39.0% |
Including: - gas activities | -66 | 275 | N/A |
- EDF Trading | 3,230 | 1,608 | -50.2% |
The increase in EBITDA for the gas activities is explained by improved margins in gas storage activities, and to a lesser extent, better margins in the LNG asset management activity, despite the lower level of business at the Dunkirk terminal.
EDF Trading’s EBITDA decreased in a context of falling prices and lower volatility on the wholesale markets, but is still higher than its pre-energy crisis results.
Extract from the consolidated financial statements
Consolidated income statement
(in millions of euros) | 2024 | 2023 | |
Sales | 118,690 | 139,715 | |
Fuel and energy purchases | (54,217) | (80,989) | |
Other external purchases (1) | (10,798) | (10,493) | |
Personnel expenses | (16,916) | (15,470) | |
Taxes other than income taxes | (4,142) | (4,064) | |
Other operating income and expenses | 3,906 | 11,228 | |
Operating profit before depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) | 36,523 | 39,927 | |
Net changes in fair value on energy and commodity derivatives, excluding trading activities | 443 | 363 | |
Net depreciation and amortisation | (11,970) | (11,161) | |
(Impairment)/reversals | (1,835) | (13,011) | |
Other income and expenses | (4,834) | (2,944) | |
Operating profit | 18,327 | 13,174 | |
Cost of gross financial indebtedness | (4,094) | (3,830) | |
Discount effect | (3,190) | (3,988) | |
Other financial income and expenses | 6,352 | 4,469 | |
Financial result | (932) | (3,349) | |
Income before taxes of consolidated companies | 17,395 | 9,825 | |
Income taxes | (4,887) | (2,470) | |
Share in net income of associates and joint ventures | (683) | 257 | |
Net income of discontinued operations | 29 | - | |
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME | 11,854 | 7,612 | |
EDF net income | 11,406 | 10,016 | |
EDF net income - continuing operations | 11,378 | 10,016 | |
EDF net income - discontinued operations | 28 | - | |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests | 448 | (2,404) | |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests - continuing operations | 447 | (2,404) | |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests - discontinued operations | 1 | - |
(1) Other external expenses are reported net of capitalised production.
Consolidated balance sheet
ASSETS (in millions of euros) | 31/12/2024 | 31/12/2023 | |
Goodwill | 7,108 | 7,895 | |
Other intangible assets | 12,567 | 11,300 | |
Property, plant and equipment used in generation and other tangible assets owned by the Group, including right-of-use assets | 108,100 | 100,587 | |
Property, plant and equipment operated under French public electricity distribution concessions | 68,663 | 66,128 | |
Property, plant and equipment operated under concessions other than French public electricity distribution concessions | 6,616 | 6,544 | |
Investments in associates and joint ventures | 10,167 | 9,037 | |
Non-current financial assets | 55,951 | 48,327 | |
Other non-current receivables | 1,979 | 2,110 | |
Deferred tax assets | 4,553 | 7,403 | |
Non-current assets | 275,704 | 259,331 | |
Inventories | 19,248 | 18,092 | |
Trade receivables | 24,139 | 26,833 | |
Current financial assets | 26,739 | 39,442 | |
Current tax assets | 835 | 669 | |
Other current receivables | 10,355 | 9,074 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | 7,597 | 10,775 | |
Current assets | 88,912 | 104,885 | |
Assets held for sale | 589 | 596 | |
Total Fina Elf ASSETS | 365,205 | 364,812 | |
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES (in millions of euros) | 31/12/2024 | 31/12/2023 | |
Capital | 2,084 | 2,084 | |
EDF net income and consolidated reserves | 60,771 | 50,084 | |
Equity ( EDF share) | 62,855 | 52,168 | |
Equity (non-controlling interests) | 11,029 | 11,951 | |
Total equity | 73,884 | 64,119 | |
Provisions related to nuclear generation - back-end of the nuclear cycle, plant decommissioning and last cores | 68,829 | 60,206 | |
Provisions for employee benefits | 17,284 | 15,895 | |
Other provisions | 6,022 | 4,878 | |
Non-current provisions | 92,135 | 80,979 | |
Special French public electricity distribution concession liabilities | 50,603 | 50,010 | |
Non-current financial liabilities | 71,096 | 69,724 | |
Other non-current liabilities | 6,039 | 5,685 | |
Deferred tax liabilities | 1,070 | 978 | |
Non-current liabilities | 220,943 | 207,376 | |
Current provisions | 6,920 | 7,294 | |
Trade payables | 19,466 | 19,687 | |
Current financial liabilities | 18,888 | 38,103 | |
Current tax liabilities | 351 | 1,111 | |
Other current liabilities | 24,631 | 26,975 | |
Current liabilities | 70,256 | 93,170 | |
Liabilities related to assets held for sale | 122 | 147 | |
Total Fina Elf EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | 365,205 | 364,812 |
Consolidated cash flow statement
(in millions of euros) | 2024 | 2023 | |
Operating activities: | |||
Consolidated net income | 11,854 | 7,612 | |
Net income from discontinued operations | 29 | - | |
Net income from continuing operations | 11,825 | 7,612 | |
Impairment/(reversals) | 1,835 | 13,011 | |
Accumulated depreciation and amortisation, provisions and changes in fair value | 14,027 | 18,116 | |
Financial income and expenses | 1,076 | 1,934 | |
Dividends received from associates and joint ventures | 582 | 702 | |
Capital gains/losses | 141 | 234 | |
Income taxes | 4,887 | 2,470 | |
Share in net income of associates and joint ventures | 683 | (257) | |
Change in working capital | (1,452) | (7,785) | |
Net cash flow from operations | 33,604 | 36,037 | |
Net financial expenses disbursed (1) | (2,362) | (2,241) | |
Income taxes paid | (3,384) | (3,695) | |
Net cash flow from continuing operating activities | 27,858 | 30,101 | |
Net cash flow from operating activities relating to discontinued operations | 29 | - | |
Net cash flow from operating activities | 27,887 | 30,101 | |
Investing activities: | |||
Acquisitions of equity investments, net of cash acquired | (557) | (181) | |
Disposals of equity investments, net of cash transferred | 88 | 227 | |
Investments in intangible assets and property, plant and equipment | (24,779) | (21,021) | |
Net proceeds from sale of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment | 148 | 126 | |
Changes in financial assets | 1,140 | (2,196) | |
Net cash flow from continuing investing activities | (23,960) | (23,045) | |
Net cash flow from investing activities relating to discontinued operations | (29) | - | |
Net cash flow from investing activities | (23,989) | (23,045) | |
Financing activities: | |||
EDF capital increase | - | - | |
Transactions with non-controlling interests (2) | 2,840 | 1,746 | |
Dividends paid by parent company | - | - | |
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests | (670) | (482) | |
Cash flow with shareholders | 2,170 | 1,264 | |
Issuance of borrowings | 15,385 | 11,947 | |
Repayments of borrowings (3) | (26,564) | (21,712) | |
Issuance of perpetual subordinated bonds | 1,728 | 1,377 | |
Repayments of perpetual subordinated bonds | (582) | (630) | |
Funding contributions received for assets operated under concessions and investment subsidies | 676 | 496 | |
Other cash flows from financing activities | (9,357) | (8,522) | |
Net cash flows from continuing financing activities | (7,187) | (7,258) | |
Net cash flow from financing activities relating to discontinued operations | - | - | |
Net cash flow from financing activities | (7,187) | (7,258) | |
Cash flows from continuing operations | (3,289) | (202) | |
Cash flows from discontinued operations | - | - | |
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (3,289) | (202) | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – OPENING BALANCE | 10,775 | 10,948 | |
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (3,289) | (202) | |
Currency fluctuations | 174 | (53) | |
Other non-monetary changes | (63) | 82 | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – CLOSING BALANCE | 7,597 | 10,775 |
(1) At 31 December 2024, “financial income on cash and cash equivalents”, which was previously presented on a separate line detailing cash and cash equivalents, is reclassified and included in “Net financial expenses disbursed” in the amount of €351 M (€293 million in 2023). The 2023 comparative figures have been restated accordingly.
(2) In 2024, these transactions notably include a capital injection of €2,359 M by the UK government into the Sizewell C project (€485 M in 2023), a capital injection of €500 M by Natixis Belgique Investissements into EDF Investissements Groupe, and the purchase of Assystem ’s minority interests in Framatome for €(205) M.
(3) Including €(3,031) M for redemption of perpetual subordinated bonds in 2024 (€(2,789) M in 2023).
Main press releases since announcement of the H1 2024 results
Nuclear
Renewables
Customers
Grids
Financing
Other
The EDF Group is a key player in the energy transition, as an integrated energy operator engaged in all aspects of the energy business: power generation, distribution, trading, energy sales and energy services. The Group is a world leader in low-carbon energy, with a low carbon output of 490TWh (1), and a diverse generation mix based mainly on nuclear and renewable energy (including hydropower). It is also investing in new technologies to support the energy transition. EDF ’s raison d’être is to build a net zero energy future with electricity and innovative solutions and services, to help save the planet and drive well-being and economic development. The Group supplies energy and services to approximately 41.5 million customers (2) and generated consolidated sales of €118.7 bn in 2024.
(1) See EDF ’s 2023 URD sections 1.2.3, 1.3.2 and 3.1
(2) The customer portfolio consists of electricity, gas and recurring services contracts.
This presentation is for information purposes only and does not constitute an offer or solicitation to sell or buy instruments, any part of the company or assets described, in the US or any other country. This document contains forward-looking statements or information. While EDF believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions at the time they are made, these assumptions are intrinsically uncertain, with inherent risks and uncertainties that are beyond the control of EDF . As a result, EDF cannot guarantee that these assumptions will materialise. Future events and actual financial and other results may differ materially from the assumptions underlying these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, differences in the potential timing and completion of the transactions they describe. Risks and uncertainties (notably linked to the economic, financial, competition, regulatory and climate situation) may include changes in economic and business trends, regulations, and factors described or identified in the publicly-available documents filed by EDF with the French financial markets authority (AMF), including those presented in Section 2.2 “Risks to which the Group is exposed” of the EDF Universal Registration Document (URD) filed with the AMF on 21 March 2023 (under number D.23-0122), which may be consulted on the AMF website at www.amf-france.org or the EDF website at www.edf.fr.
Neither EDF nor any EDF affiliate is bound by a commitment or obligation to update the forward-looking information contained in this document to reflect any events or circumstances arising after the date of this presentation.
(1) Net financial debt is not defined in the accounting standards and is not directly visible in the Group’s consolidated balance sheet. Net financial debt comprises total loans and financial liabilities, less cash and cash equivalents and liquid assets. Liquid assets are financial assets consisting of funds or fixed-income securities with initial maturity of over three months that are readily convertible into cash and are managed according to a liquidity-oriented policy.
(2) See the Group press release of 18 December 2024. As a result of this announcement, the instruments concerned were reclassified from equity to other financial liabilities in the financial statements at 31 December 2024.
(3) Based on scope and exchange rates as at 1 January 2025 and assuming French nuclear output including Flamanville 3 of 350-370TWh in 2025, 2026 and 2027.
(4) Applying constant S&P ratio methodology.
(1) Nuclear power allocation contracts.
(2) The customer portfolio consists of electricity, gas and recurring services contracts.
(3) After deduction of pumped-storage consumption, hydropower output totals 47.8TWh in 2024 vs 37.0TWh in 2023.
(1) Enedis is an independent subsidiary of EDF under the French Energy Code.
(9) Excluding shifted power in France due to peak/off-peak signals.
(3) See the press release of 18 March 2024.
(1) This segment comprises Framatome and Arabelle Solutions, but Arabelle Solutions results are only incorporated from 1 June 2024.
(12) Including Enedis, Électricité de Strasbourg and the French island activities.
(13) Indexed adjustment to the TURPE 6 distribution tariff: +6.51% from 1 August 2023 and +4.81% from 1 November 2024.
(14) Group Energy services comprises Dalkia, IZI Solutions Durables, Izivia, and the service activities of EDF Energy, Edison International , Luminus and EDF SA. The services mainly cover heating networks, distributed low-carbon generation using local resources, street lighting, energy consumption management and electric mobility.
(1) Luminus and EDF Belgium.
Attachment